Подготовка к егэ по английскому грамматика. Подготовка к егэ по английскому языку

Тренировочные упражнения для подготовки к ЕГЭ

Грамматика и словообразование

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Образуйте от слов в правой колонке однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически

и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

1.

Mr. Gray travelled a lot on business. He sold matches of various kinds to farmers. It (1)… really a very serious job, but Mr. Gray always (2)… in farming, and he (3)… quite with his life.

He had a big car, and usually enjoyed driving it long distances, but he (4)… quite to go by train sometimes too, especially when the weather was bad. He (5)… a little of driving in rain or snow, and it (6)… less to sit comfortably in a train and look out of the window without (7)… about how one was going to get to the next place.

One of Mr. Gray’s frequent problems was where to stay when he reached some small place in the country. He didn’t expect great comfort and (8)… food, but he found it (9)… when he (10)… a cold room, and there was no hot water or good food after a long and tiring day.

Late one winter evening, Mr. Gray arrived at a small railway station. The journey by train that day (11)… at all, and Mr. Gray was cold, tired and hungry. He (12)… to a simple but (13)… meal by a (14)… burning fire, and then a hot bath and (15)… bed.

While he (16)… to the taxi rank, he said to a local man who was also walking there, “As this is my first visit to this part of the country and I was in too big a hurry (17)… about hotels before I left home, I would very much like to know how many you have here.”

The local man answered, “We have two.” “And which of the two would you advise me to go to?” Mr. Gray then asked. The local man scratched his head for a few moments and then answered, “Well, it’s like this: whichever one you go to, you’ll be sorry you (18)… to the other.”

    not/excite

    interest

    satisfy

    satisfy

    frighten

    be/tired

    be/worry

    wonder

    annoy

    give

    not/be/interest

    look forward

    satisfy

    bright

    comfort

    walk

    find

    not/go

2.

RESTAURANT GUIDE

The (1)… thing about dining at the beach is that nothing is ordinary. Whether it’s fine cuisine or fast food (2)… to your room, the (3)… for your taste buds is so intense, that everything is (4)… The ordinary have long since gone out of business.

It’s not just because salt air and sunshine do wonders for the appetite, although that helps, it’s because busy restaurants have (5)… food and because (6)… restaurants bring to the table not just food, but the reputation of the (7)… and (8)…

Successful restaurants can also afford to advertise and they understand that they need to help you (9)… what kind of restaurant they are and where they (10)…

This directory of (11)… restaurants will help you cut through the clutter to find the (12)… value for the (13)… cuisine.

Whether it’s chicken and ribs, shrimp or submarine sandwiches delivered to your room or the (14)… seafood, steaks or continental cuisines, the restaurants are the (15)… leaders at the beach. Bon appétit!

    one

    deliver

    compete

    ordinary

    fresh

    success

    own

    manage

    cover

    locate

    known

    good

    good

    fine

    knowledge

3.

Dear Victor,

Welcome to Virginia Beach, the (1)… city in the Commonwealth of Virginia and the (2)… largest resort city!

During your stay, I hope you (3)… the opportunity to visit a few of the (4)… attractions our City has to offer. From (5)… beautiful beaches to historical sites, we believe you (6)… something of interest and (7)… for your entire family.

The Navy’s master jet base, Oceana Naval Air Station, and the Army’s Fort Story and Camp Pendleton are major assets. In (8)…, your stay will not be complete without a visit to the (9)… expanded Virginia Marine Science Museum, the (10)… popular in the state. The museum offers a huge open-ocean aquarium, as well as (11)… hands-on exhibits and The Family Channel Imax 3-D Theatre. We are also proud to have the new and magnificent Virginia Beach Amphitheatre. This facility will present over 30 concerts every year.

We have many quality restaurants for your (12)… pleasure, as well as excellent (13)…, (14)…, (15)…, and tennis – they all offer a day of (16)… and (17)…

We hope you will have an (18)… stay in Virginia Beach!

Yours John.

    large

    world

    take

    interest

    find

    enjoy

    add

    new

    much

    educate

    dine

    shop

    golf

    fish

    entertain

    enjoy

    enjoy

4.

VIRGINIA

Virginia (1)… as the image for the American way of life from the mid-1700’s to the mid-1800’s. It was the (2)…, the (3)…, and the (4)… of the original thirteen (5)… Eight states (6)… from its original territory. Called the “Old Dominion” because it was the oldest of the English colonies, Virginia is also nicknamed “Mother of Presidents” because eight US Presidents were born there, more than from any other state.

The (7)… permanent English settlers (8)… at Jamestown in 1607, thirteen years before the Mayflower reached the continent. Contrary to popular belief, on December 4, 1619, early Virginia settlers observed the first official Thanksgiving in America at Berkeley Plantation. In 1619, the first (9)… body in the New World, the Virginia General Assembly, convened at Jamestown, (10)… the beginning of (11)… government in the Western Hemisphere.

Gradually, discontent grew over the laws (12)… by the English Parliament without consent of the colonists. On August 1, 1774, the First Virginia Convention met in Williamsburg, without official consent from the Royal Governor. On March 23, 1775, at St. John’s Church in Richmond. Patrick Henry made his eloquent plea for freedom: “Is life so dear or peace so sweet as to be (13)… by the chains of slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!”

Virginia’s George Washington, as Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, led the battle for (14)… The struggle (15)… at Yorktown in 1781, when Lord Cornwallis (16)… to Washington in the last battle of the Revolutionary War, and a new nation (17)…

    serve

    large

    more populate

    more prosper

    colony

    form

    one

    arrive

    legislate

    mark

    represent

    pass

    purchase

    depend

    end

    surrender

    born

5.

VIRGINIA

In 1861, Virginia (1)… from the Union and became a major battleground of the Civil War. Most of the South’s (2)… military leaders were Virginians: Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, Joseph E. Johnson, and Jeb Stuart. The (3)… Southern victories were won on Virginia soil: First and Second Manassas (Bull Run), Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville. More battles (4)… in Virginia than in any other state as Union armies (5)… tried to seize the Confederate capital of Richmond and the supply corridor in the Shenandoah Valley. In 1862, the (6)… battle between ironclad warships, the Monitor and Merrimack, (7)… in Hampton Roads. The Civil War (8)… at Appomattox Court House, April 9, 1865, when General Lee and General Grant (9)… the terms of surrender. In 1870 Virginia (10)… to the Union and (11)… began.

Virginia’s “(12)… Fathers” helped make our nation what it is today. Thomas Jefferson (13)… The Declaration of Independence. The Bill of Rights (14)… by George Mason’s First Declaration of Human Rights. James Madison was the (15)… author of the US. Constitution, (16)… him the title “Father of the Constitution.” (17)… George Rogers Clark, William Clark, and Meriwether Lewis opened up the territory west of the Mississippi for future (18)… James Monroe’s Monroe Doctrine guaranteed (19)… of the Americas against Europeans interference. John Marshall, the greatest Chief Justice of the US, established a (20)… Supreme Court and a strong (21)… (22)… Booker T. Washington became a (23)… leader of his race and made great strides in education. In November 1989, Lawrence Douglas Wilder became the nation’s first elected black (24)…

    secede

    stand

    great

    fight

    repeat

    one

    occur

    end

    negotiate

    admit

    reconstruct

    found

    write

    frame

    prime

    earn

    explore

    settle

    depend

    power

    nation

    govern

    recognize

    g overn

6.

VIRGINIA

Virginia may have more history to offer than any other state, but it is also a scenic and (1)… paradise, with thousands of acres set aside statewide for (2)…, state, and national parks, forests, battlefields, and monuments. The (3)… and beautiful scenery along the Blue Ridge Mountains (4)… the entire length of the state. Visitors drive the 105-mile-long Skyline Drive through Shenandoah National Park, then continue on the almost 500-mile-long Blue Ridge Parkway that (5)… at Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina. The (6)… beautiful mountains of Virginia offer spectacular flora and fauna, waterfalls, hiking trails, camping areas, quaint lodging (7)…, great limestone caverns, warm springs, ski resorts, the (8)… and tranquil Shenandoah Valley, the Appalachian Trail, the Shenandoah River, and the mountain crafts and fiddlers of Southwestern Virginia.

Central and Eastern Virginia have as much to offer the (9)…: historic Fredericksburg, the capital city of Richmond, colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown and Yorktown, metropolitan northern Virginia, adjacent to Washington D. C., (10)… homes, theatres and museums, Indian (11)…, James River plantations, the salt marshes of the Eastern Shore. Enjoy the seashore at Virginia Beach, go (12)… and (13)… on the Chesapeake Bay, eat (14)… crab cakes on Tangier Island, relax and reminisce in a small fishing village, and attend the wild pony round-up at Chincoteague and Assateague.

Come and enjoy the uncommon beauty and history of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Walk the streets of the past and reflect on the old ideas that (15)… this country. Virginia is for lovers! Whatever you love is here. Search for it from the mountains to the sea.

    recreate

    region

    peace

    stretch

    end

    strike

    facility

    charm

    tour

    president

    reserve

    fish

    sail

    taste

    form

7 .

CHAIRS

The (1)… of the chairs is reserved for the chairman;

The (2)… is being kept for the next M. D.;

The (3)… is reserved for the Finance Director;

And the (4)… (I hope) is for me!

First plan

When I (5)… on the seven-o-one

With the chaps from the firm, we (6)… great fun.

We scan the old FT (Financial Times)

To check the (7)… interest rates

And how the market fluctuates

And where our funds should be.

And when we’ve filled in 3 Across

And made some jokes about the boss,

To universal glee,

We grab a cab at Charing Cross

And (8)… Potters Quay.

I’m the top fund manager at Pinchbecks –

To be frank, I’m a pretty big cheese;

I’m a whizz with unit trusts, and

I have got some plans for Dockland.

So everything (9)… like a breeze.

Second plan

When I (10)… Chairman, or M. D.,

I (11)… a really hostile bid

For Barclays or the TSB,

And match my rivals quid for quid.

And when they say, “He’s off his tree,”

I’ll do what all those big boys did,

And hit them with a left and right

That no one could foresee …

Actual plan

I thought it was all hunky-dory, (very good)

And I felt a most wonderful glow.

Then they said they were terribly sorry;

They (12)… to let me go.

I (13)… of turning consultant,

Or living in Paris, or Rome;

But at sixty does anyone want me?

I might as well sit here at home.

    one

    two

    three

    four

    get

    late

    head

    launch

    have

    think

8.

221b and Sherlock Holmes

I have it here in my museum” said Sherlock Holmes in the “Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle.”

The (1)… of the Sherlock Holmes Museum to the public on 27 March 1990 was an event which should have happened several decades earlier. 221b Baker Street is, after all, the world’s (2)… address because of its long (3)… with the great detective.

People (4)… to Sherlock Holmes and to his friend Doctor Watson for the last 100 years, but now it is possible to see where and how they (5)… in Victorian times! The famous study which Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson shared for almost 25 years is on (6)… floor overlooking Baker Street, but before (7)… the house, ask yourself which of these (8)… of visitors you would place yourself in:

You (9)… about Sherlock Holmes and you (10)… one or two films about his exploits (probably the “Hound of the Baskervilles”) yet you know very little about the great detective himself. You are probably visiting out of curiosity.

You know a great deal about Sherlock Holmes! You’ve read the books, you’ve seen all his films on TV and you are an (11)… of the famous detective. You’d like to visit his rooms to see if they are quite as you imagined

You are an expert – an absolute authority on Sherlockiana! You can discuss and debate with the best of them, (12)… read and re-read all sixty of the original stories (13)… by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and those written by others you may even (14)… one yourself! You must visit the museum if only to find errors or omissions. You will praise, you will criticize and you will have a lot of fun doing both.

Whatever category you belong to, you are sure to find a visit to the museum a (15)… experience. Please sign the visitors’ book, take photographs wherever you wish (the maid will be pleased to assist) and when you are ready to leave, you may find yourself (16)… that you could hail a horse-drawn hansom cab to take you home!

    open

    famous

    associate

    write

    live

    one

    enter

    category

    hear

    see

    admire

    have

    write

    write

    memory

    wish

9.

Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson (1)… at 221b Baker Street from about 1881–1904. 221b was on the (2)… floor of a (3)… house, Mrs. Hudsom was the landlady. There were 17 steps from the ground floor hallway to the first floor study which Holmes and Watson (4)… Holmes’ bedroom was at the rear, (5)… the study.

We know from Dr. Watson’s descriptions that the study (6)… Baker Street “(7)… by two broad windows” and that it was quite small: on one occasion, Holmes (8)… from his bedroom and (9)… one spring across the study to close the curtains and on another occasion, a man who entered their study was so large he almost filled (10)… “little room”.

There are many other details and illustrations of the rooms in the adventures which first (11)… in the Strand Magazine in 1891 and visitors will recognize these while (12)… around the house.

Doctor Watson’s bedroom was on the (13)… floor next to Mrs. Hudson’s room and it overlooked an open yard at the rear of the house. These rooms (14)… today as exhibit rooms. In Dr. Watson’s room, visitors can browse through literature, paintings, photographs and newspapers of the period while in Mrs. Hudson’s room; the centre stage (15)… by a magnificent bronze bust of Mr. Holmes. Memorabilia from the adventures and a selection of letters written to and from Mr. Holmes are also on display in this room.

The Museum’s interesting and rather quaint souvenir shop (16)… on the (17)… floor where the maids used to live. Here you will find a unique (18)… of gifts, ceramics, objects d’art, figures, busts, prints, books, playing cards, tee-shirts, deerstalkers etc. – all (19)… exclusively to Museum (20)…

Mrs. Hudson’s restaurant on the ground floor offers delicious Victorian cuisine.

Thousands of people all over the world write to Sherlock Holmes, they form clubs and societies in his honour, they celebrate his anniversaries and now at long last they can even visit him.

Such is the stuff of which legends are made!

    live

    one

    lodge

    share

    adjoin

    overlook

    illuminate

    emerge

    take

    they

    publish

    walk

    two

    use

    take

    locate

    three

    collect

    avail

    visit

1 0 .

AUDIO-GUIDED TOUR

Dial “play” to find out how to use the AUDIO-guide.

    If you dial the number of the room (1)… in the circle on the plan) and press “play” you (2)… the commentary about the room.

    In order to hear the (3)… about an artwork, dial the number, (4)… on a label with the symbol of the audio-guide near the (5)… or sculpture. Then press the “play” key.

    In order to hear the commentary about the main staircase, dial “1” and press the “play” key.

    The audio-guide (6)… only inside the museum, which is why you must not forget to return it. (7)… the audio-guide outside the premises of the museum (8)… off the security alarm.

    indicate

    hear

    comment

    indicate

    paint

    work

    take

    set

1 1 .

THE GROTTO

No visit to Portland (1)… without a trip to The Grotto – the (2)… renowned Catholic sanctuary that welcomes more than 150,000 guests of all faith each year. Visitors are delighted to discover this (3)… 62-acre retreat near the center of the city. Lush green firs tower over (4)… rhododendron and other native Pacific Northwest flora as you walk toward the central plaza and the heart of the sanctuary – Our Lady’s Grotto – a magnificent rock cave (5)… into the base of a 110-foot cliff. A marble replica of Michelangelo’s famous Pieta (6)… in its center.

While the plaza level with (7)… chapel, gift shop and (8)… rock grotto is an (9)… experience, many visitors never realize there (10)… even more to see on the unique grounds above. The (11)… views are well worth the small elevator fee to the top.

    complete

    international

    peace

    colour

    carve

    feature

    impress

    inspire

    credible

1 2 .

THE GROTTO / The (1)… Level

The manicured gardens of the upper level offer (2)… panoramic vistas of the Columbia River Valley, the Cascade Range and famous Mount St. Helens. Especially (3)… is the 180 floor-to- ceiling view through the (4)… glass wall of the (5)… Meditation Chapel, (6)… on the cover of Architecture magazine. Other highlights include the Servite Monastery, a life-sized bronze of St. Francis of Assisi, the streams and (7)… ponds of the Peace Garden and the Via Matris, (8)… superb examples of wood sculpture.

    magnify

    impress

    bevel

    spectacle

    feature

    reflect

    offer

1 3 .

NEPTUNE festival, Virginia Beach

Summer in Virginia Beach is a season full of surfboards and sunshine, bare feet and boardwalk strolls. It’s also a cause for (1)…

Rather than let summer fade (2)… into fall, this ocean-side community throws the (3)… party around – the Neptune Festival.

Lasting from September 6 through 28, the festival brings (4)… own brand of maritime magic to the beach, with hundreds of activities, contests, (5)… and other events.

Festival days turn into festival nights (6)… with balls, galas, receptions, and fireworks – (7)… from the 14th Street Pier and set to music.

The mainstay of Boardwalk Weekend is the Arts and Crafts Show. To the delight of thousands, this juried show lines the beach with the work of skilled artists and craftsmen. (8)… the tone for the entire weekend is a (9)… schedule of musical (10)… performed live on three stages. Other events include a youth day, treasure hunt, cheerleading (11)…, volleyball tournament and sand games.

    celebrate

    quiet

    big

    perform

    glitter

    launch

    set

    continue

    entertain

    compete

1 4 .

First Landing/Seashore State Park (1)… right here in Virginia Beach (2)… of about 3000 acres. The park provides a protected area where many species of flora and fauna are (3)…, and where visitors can observe them in (4)… natural (5)… Rabbits, squirrels, and raccoons are just some of the animals you may encounter. There is also an abundance of different species of crabs, oysters and frogs. The bird population is abundant as well, with osprey, great blue herons, egrets, owls and pelicans, just to name a few. Some (6)… visitors (7)… also the gray foxes that make this park their homes.

There are also numerous activities and facilities to enjoy, from hiking to biking, to picnicking, camping, boating and fishing. (8)… for all trails (9)… in both directions so there will always be a description for which way you are going. The park’s only (10)… on hiking is that you stay on the marked paths.

So if you (11)… to do something a little different away from the beach and the sun, take a trip to First Landing/Seashore State Park. The Park is open (12)… from 8am until dusk. The Visitors Center is open from 9am until 4 pm, April 1 – Oct. 31. The main entrance (13)… off Route 60 and is only a 10 min. drive from the oceanfront. The Visitors Center is ½ mile from the main entrance. There is also an (14)… on 64th Street off Atlantic Ave. A (15)… fee of $2 per vehicle on week days and $3 on weekends will be charged April to Oct.; from Nov. to Mar., the parking fee is $1. For (16)… information call the main office.

    locate

    compose

    present

    they

    habit

    luck

    see

    describe

    give

    restrict

    look

    day

    locate

    enter

    park

    add

15.

SIGHTSEE THROUGH HISTORY

Start your visit to (1)… Plymouth at Plymouth National Wax Museum on Cole’s Hill, (2)… Plymouth Rock. More than 180 life-size figures in 26 scenes tell the Pilgrim story. Just a few steps away is Plymouth Rock. A full-scale (3)… of the original ship, Mayflower II, (4)… next to Plymouth Rock. You will also want to spend a day or two in 1627 at Plymouth Plantation, one of this country’s great historic (5)… Talk with the Plantation’s renowned costumed interpreters as they present a view of 17th century life that will astound and delight. Begin at the Visitor Center for (6)… and special exhibits.

At America’s (7)… museum, Pilgrim Hall, see the actual artifacts (8)… on the Mayflower. Wonder at heroic-sized paintings of the Pilgrims and the (9)… landing, and the only extant “bones” of a 16th century ship. On a hilltop overlooking Plymouth is the National Monument to the Forefathers. Built in 1889, this 81-foot memorial (10)… to the virtues that brought the Pilgrims to the New World.

The history of the nation may (11)… through the four centuries of Plymouth architecture. The 1667 Howland House is the only house left (12)… in Plymouth where Pilgrims actually lived. The 1640 Sparrow House is Plymouth’s oldest historic home. Today, reproduction and contemporary pottery (13)… on the premises. At the 1667 Harlow Old Fort House, visitors learn about (14)… life and try spinning, weaving and other period crafts.

Heirlooms and antique toys furnish the 1749 Spooner House, the family home for generations of Spooners. The stately 1809 Hedge House, built by a (15)… maritime family, is now headquarters for the Plymouth Antiquarian Society and features (16)… exhibits. The 1749 Court House, at Town Square, is the oldest (17)… courthouse in America and features period artifacts and exhibits. The 1754 Mayflower Society House is headquarters for the General Society of Mayflower Descendants and (18)… with three centuries of antiques. Nearby historic homes include the 1808 King Caesar House and the 1808 Capt. Gershom Bradford House in Duxbury and the 1699 Isaac Winslow House in Marshfield.

Colonial Lantern Tours offers guided evening (19)… tours of the original Plantation site and historic district complete with punched tin lanterns. Or take a self-guided Walking Tour of Plymouth past historic sites along the waterfront and downtown Plymouth. There’s also Happy Trails Historic Van Tours, which offers a three-hour van tour of Plymouth (20)… all landmarks and Mayflower II. Located behind First Church in Town Square is Burial Hill, the oldest marked burial site of the Pilgrims. The site (21)… a panorama of Plymouth steeples and spires as well as Plymouth Harbor. Up from Town Brook, off Summer Street, you will find the 1636 Jenney Grist Mill, a recreation of America’s first mill (22)… a working waterwheel for grinding corn meal.

    history

    overlook

    produce

    dock

    attract

    orient

    old

    bring

    one

    dedicate

    be/see

    stand

    make

    colony

    prosper

    change

    wood

    furnish

    walk

    include

    offer

    feature

1 6 . Word Formation

PLYMOUTH is the heart of cranberry country. Ocean Spray Cranberry World on the Plymouth waterfront is a unique and free exhibit (1)… the history, (2)… and uses of the native American berry. Visit the (3)… kitchen and sample cranberry products. Open (4)… May – November. Group tour (5)… required.

Plymouth Bay Winery, next to Splashdown Tours on the waterfront, offers free (6)… tours and (7)… tastings of cranberry and other fruit wines.

(8)… around Plymouth is easy. Just climb aboard the all-weather Plymouth Rock Trolley for a 40-minute narrated tour connecting all points of interest and major (9)… Enjoy (10)… reboarding privileges for the entire day.

Plymouth’s 300 and more lakes and ponds offer still more (11)… Or try biking (local rentals available) or (12)… the trails in Myles Standish State Forest or along the Cape Cod Canal. Both are just a short drive from downtown.

For a scary good time, try M. T. Coffin’s Ghost Theatre, (13)… by Godey’s. You’ll enjoy (14)… storytelling of (15)… events!

    describe

    cultivate

    demonstrate

    day

    reserve

    wine

    compliment

    get

    accommodate

    limit

    recreate

    hike

    offer

    master

    ghost

1 7 .

FOR ADDED FAMILY FUN

At Super Sports Family Golf Center, you’ll enjoy action-packed adventure, fun rides, miniature golf, arcade games, golf driving range and your (1)… activities. In nearby Carver is Edaville Railroad, a family-fun park with a (2)… narrow-gauge railway. Many area golf courses (3)… to the public, (4)… the region’s newest, Waverly Oaks Golf Course. There’s also Atlantic Country Club with an 18-hole championship course. Hoyt’s Cinema at (5)… Mall has 14 screens (6)… first-run movies day and night.

THE (7)… THANKSGIVING

As the site of the first Thanksgiving, Plymouth is still (8)… (9)… with America’s premier family holiday. The November visitors will find a host of interesting activities to celebrate the occasion, (10)… America’s Hometown Thanksgiving (11)…, featuring a parade with floats and musical groups from all over the country. Many activities are scheduled on the weekends leading up to Thanksgiving.

    favour

    work

    open

    include

    depend

    show

    one

    close

    associate

    include

    celebrate

1 8 .

A DAY ON THE WATER

Capt. John Boats has New England’s (1)… Whale Watch cruise with sightings on over 99% of trips since 1977. Clean, modern vessels depart Plymouth Harbor throughout the day (including a sunset Whale Watch Cruise). Your (2)… food and beverages (3)… in the climate-controlled main cabin while research scientists provide (4)… narration. Capt. John also provides full- and half-day deep sea fishing excursions sure to please the (5)… as well as the experienced angler. Capt. John also operates a Provincetown Ferry which departs at 10am, in season, from State Pier. If you’ve only got an hour or so, climb aboard the paddle-wheeler Pilgrim Belle for a Plymouth Harbor Cruise and get a mariner’s view of Mayflower II, Plymouth Rock, the (6)… harbor, (7)… two lighthouses and learn the most (8)… sea stories afloat. Evening theme cruises aboard the Pilgrim Belle are also available.

There’s also Capt. Tim Brady & Sons, which takes you deep sea and sport fishing, whale watching and on (9)… harbor cruises aboard the Mary Elizabeth.

Try a “hands-on” experience with Lobster Tales, located at Town Wharf. This one-hour excursion takes you to haul lobster traps and learn all about (10)… and the historic harbor.

Hy-Line Cape Cod Canal Cruises offers (11)… two- or three-hour narrated sight-seeing cruises through Cape Cod’s famous waterway and a variety of music cruises.

    more success

    favour

    serve

    inform

    begin

    picture

    it

    fascinate

    history

    lobster

    scene

19 .

WESTMINSTER ABBEY

An (1)… masterpiece of the (2)… to sixteenth centuries, Westminster Abbey also presents a unique pageant of (3)… history – the Confessor’s Shrine, the tombs of Kings and Queens, and countless memorials to the famous and the great. It (4)… the (5)… for every Coronation since 1066 and for numerous other Royal occasions. Today it is still a church (6)… to regular worship and to the (7)… of great events in the life of the nation. Neither a cathedral nor a parish church, Westminster Abbey is a “royal peculiar” under the (8)… of a Dean and Chapter, subject only to the Sovereign.

Buried in the North Aisle of the Chapel of Henry VII is Elizabeth Tudor (died 1603). She (9)… in the same vault as (10)… half-sister Mary. The monument contains a white marble effigy which is a (11)… likeness of the queen. The great glory of the Henry VII Chapel – completed in 1519 -- is the vaulted roof, an outstanding example of this spectacular Tudor Style of architecture. Since 1725, the Chapel (12)… as the Chapel of the Order of the Barth. Gaily coloured banners, crests and mantling of the Knights adorn the 16th century wooden stalls, beneath the seats of which (13)… beautifully misericords. Behind the Altar (14)… Henry VII and his consort, Elizabeth of York. (15)… monument is by the Italian sculptor Torrigiani.

At the east end is the Royal Air Force Chapel. The (16)… coloured memorial window incorporates the crests of the 68 Fighter Squadrons which, in 1940, took part in the Battle of Britain.

Chapel of St Edward the Confessor. The Abbey (17)… 28 December, 1065. Its (18)…, the (19)… King Edward, (20)… too ill to be present and died a few days afterwards.

Two hundred years (21)… Henry III began (22)… the Abbey to house a shrine worthy of the Saint. It is this building you see today. Buried near the shrine are five Kings and four Queens.

The oak Coronation Chair (23)… for King Edward I by Master Walter of Durham. It (24)… to hold the ancient stone of Scone seized from the Scots in 1296.

Location. At the south end of Whitehall and (25)… onto Parliament Square, Westminster Abbey and the nearby Palace of Westminster, (26)… well by public transport.

Nearest stations are: Rail – Victoria and Waterloo; Underground – St. James’s Park and Westminster. Numerous bus services run to Parliament Square and Victoria Station.

For Coronations the chair (27)… to a position in the Sanctuary. Since 1308 it has been used at the Coronation of every sovereign. Only two (Edward V and Edward VIII) (28)… never.

The tomb to which Poets’ Corner owes (29)… origin is that of Geoffrey Chau с er, the (30)… great English poet. He was buried in the Abbey with a simple memorial in 1400. The present more imposing tomb (31)… in 1556.

The Sanctuary is the focal point of the Abbey’s architecture and of its life today is the High Altar, framed by three thirteenth century tombs, medieval wall (34)… and a masterpiece of Italian Renaissance painting.

All this, and more, can (35)… by visitors to the Royal Chapel.

    architecture

    thirteen

    Britain

    be

    set

    dedicate

    celebrate

    jurist

    lie

    she

    faith

    use

    carve

    bury

    they

    bright

    consecrate

    found

    saint

    be

    late

    build

    make

    design

    face

    serve

    move

    crown

    it

    one

    erect

    earn

    recent

    paint

    see

2 0 .

THE ABBEY LIFE AND WITNESS TODAY

Nine hundred years ago, Westminster Abbey (1)… a Benedictine Monastery, offering the (2)… Benedictine hospitality to (3)… visitors. Today, it has to seek new ways of (4)… a hospitable welcome to the millions of (5)… who come to it every year from all parts of the world. Worship and (6)… remain the primary function of the Abbey community. An (7)… ministry of preaching and teaching, within the Abbey itself and in the (8)… world, (9)… here. Concern for society and for individuals (10)… on a new importance in the complex world of the 20th century.

A priest is available to visitors and others in the Abbey for the (11)… part of every day and he (12)… to speak to those who approach him. Every hour he conducts a brief act of prayer for the world and its needs; you (13)… to share in this.

Most of (14)… visitors can spend only a short time in the Abbey, but those who are able to share in our worship and prayer make a most (15)… contribution to the (16)… witness of this great church.

Two side chapels are always available for private prayer. These are St. George’s Chapel, just inside the Great West Door and St. Faith’s Chapel, with access from the East Cloister.

    be

    tradition

    it

    offer

    visit

    pray

    extend

    wide

    center

    take

    great

    please

    invite

    we

    value

    history

KEY:

1.

was not exciting

had always been interested

was satisfied

was satisfied

was frightened

was tiring

being worried

wonderful

annoying

    was given

    had not been interested

    was looking forward

    satisfying

    brightly

    comfortable

    was walking

    to find out

    did not go to

2.

first

delivered

competition

extraordinary

fresher

successful

owner

manager

    discover

    located

    renowned

    best

    best

    finest

    acknowledged

3.

largest

world’s

will take

interesting

our

will find

enjoyment

additionally

newly

    the most

    educational

    dining

    shopping

    golfing

    fishing

    entertainment

    enjoyment

    enjoyable

4.

served

largest

most populous

most prosperous

colonies

formed

first

arrived

legislative

    marking

    representative

    passed

    purchased

    independence

    ended

    surrendered

    was born

5.

seceded

outstanding

greatest

were fought

repeatedly

first

occurred

ended

negotiated

admitted

reconstruction

founding

wrote

    was framed

    earning

    explorers

    settlement

    independence

    powerful

    national

    government

    recognized

    governor

6.

recreational

regional

peaceful

stretches

ends

strikingly

facilities

charming

    tourist

    presidential

    reservations

    fishing

    sailing

    tasty

    formed

7.

first

second

third

fourth

go up

will get

latest

    head for

    is going

    am

    will launch

    were having

    am thinking

8.

opening

most famous

association

have been writing

lived

first

entering

categories

    have heard

    have seen

    admirer

    having

    written

    have written

    memorable

    wishing

9.

lived

first

lodging

shared

adjoining

overlooking

illuminated

emerged

took

their

    published

    walking

    second

    are used

    is taken

    is located

    third

    collection

    available

    visitors

10.

indicated

will hear

commentary

indicated

    painting

    works

    taking

    will set

1 1 .

would be completed

internationally

peaceful

colourful

carved

featured

    its

    impressive

    inspiring

    is

    incredible

1 2 .

upper

magnificent

impressive

beveled

    spectacular

    featured

    reflection

    offering

1 3 .

celebration

quietly

biggest

its

performances

glittering

    launched

    setting

    continuous

    entertainment

    competition

1 4 .

located

is composed

represented

them

habitat

lucky

have seen

descriptions

    are given

    restriction

    are looking

    daily

    is located

    entrance

    parking

    additional

1 5 .

historic

overlooking

reproduction

is docked

attractions

orientation

oldest

brought

first

dedicated

be seen

    standing

    is made

    colonial

    prosperous

    changing

    wooden

    is furnished

    walking

    including

    offers

    featuring

1 6 .

describing

cultivation

demonstration

daily

reservations

winery

complimentary

getting

    accommodations

    unlimited

    recreation

    hiking

    offered

    masterful

    ghostly

1 7 .

favourite

working

are open

including

independence

showing

    first

    closely

    associated

    including

    celebration

1 8 .

successful

favourite

are served

informative

beginner

picturesque

    its

    fascinating

    historic

    lobstering

    scenic

19 .

architectural

thirteenth

British

has been

setting

dedicated

celebration

jurisdiction

lies

her

faithful

has been used

are carved

are buried

their

brightly

consecrated

founder

    saintly

    was

    later

    rebuilding

    was made

    was designed

    facing

    are served

    is moved

    were crowned

    its

    first

    was erected

    earnest

    most recent

    paintings

    be seen

2 0 .

was

traditional

its

offering

visitors

prayer

extensive

wider

    is centered

    has taken

    greater

    is pleased

    are invited

    our

    valuable

    historic

Walking is not enough to keep fit

Walking may not be enough on its own to produce significant health benefits, research suggests. A team from Canada’s University of Alberta compared a 10,000-step exercise programme with a more traditional fitness regime of moderate intensity. Researchers found improvements 1 _______________________ were significantly higher in the second group. They told an American College of Sports Medicine meeting that gentle exercise was 2 _______________________ . In total 128 people took 3 _______________________ . The researchers assessed influence on fitness by measuring blood pressure and lung capacity. They found out the 10,000-step programme did help to get people motivated – and was an excellent way to start 4 _______________________ . But to increase the effectiveness, some intensity must be added to their exercise. “Across your day, while you are achieving those 10,000 steps, take 200 to 400 of them at a faster pace. You"ve got to do more than light exercise and include regular moderate activity, and don"t be shy to have an occasional period of time at an energetic level.” The researchers were concerned there was too much focus 5 _______________________ , rather than on its intensity.

Professor Stuart Biddle, an expert in exercise science at the University of Loughborough, said it was possible that the current guidelines on how much exercise to take were set too low. “However, you have got to find 6 _______________________ . The harder you make it, the fewer people will actually do it.” Professor Biddle said there was no doubt that energetic exercise was the way to get fit, but volume rather than intensity might be more useful in tackling issues such as obesity.

A. part in the project

B. taking exercise

C. gave marked health benefits

D. in fitness levels

E. on simply getting people to take exercise

F. not enough to get fit

G. a compromise between physiology and psychology

A Gifted Cook

If there is a gene for cuisine, Gabe, my 11-year-old son, could splice it to perfection. Somewhere between Greenwich Village, where he was born, and the San Francisco Bay area, where he has grown up, the little kid with the stubborn disposition and freckles on his nose has forsaken Boy Scouts and baseball in favor of wielding a kitchen knife.

I suppose he is a member of the Emeril generation. Gabe has spent his formative years shopping at the Berkeley Bowl, where over half a dozen varieties of Thanksgiving yams, in lesser mortals, can instill emotional paralysis. He is blessed with a critical eye. “I think Emeril is really cheesy,” he observed the other night while watching a puff pastry segment. “He makes the stupidest jokes. But he cooks really well.”

With its manifold indigenous cultures, Oaxaca seemed the perfect place to push boundaries. Like the mole sauces for which it is justly famous, the region itself is a subtle blend of ingredients – from dusty Zapotec villages where Spanish is a second language to the zocalo in colonial Oaxaca, a sophisticated town square brimming with street life and vendors selling twisty, one-story-tall balloons.

Appealing to Gabe’s inner Iron Chef seemed like an indirect way to introduce him to a place where the artful approach to life presides. There was also a selfish motive: Gabe is my soul mate, a fellow food wanderer who is not above embracing insanity to follow his appetite wherever it leads.

Months ahead of time, we enrolled via the Internet in the daylong Wednesday cooking class at Seasons of My Heart, the chef and cookbook author Susana Trilling’s cooking school in the Elta Valley, about a 45-minute drive north to town. In her cookbook and PBS series of the same name, Ms. Trilling, an American whose maternal grandparents were Mexican, calls Oaxaca “the land of no waste” where cooking techniques in some ancient villages have endured for a thousand years.

I suspected that the very notion of what constitutes food in Oaxaca would test Gabe’s mettle. At the suggestion of Jacob, his older brother, we spent our second night in Mexico at a Oaxaca Guerrero baseball game, where instead of peanuts and Cracker Jack, vendors hawked huge trays piled high with chapulines, fried grasshoppers cooked in chili and lime, a local delicacy. Gabe was bug-eyed as he watched the man next to him snack on exoskeletal munchies in a paper bowl. “It’s probably less gross than a hot dog,” he admitted. “But on the rim of the bowl I saw a bunch of legs and served body parts. That’s revolting!”

Our cooking day began at the Wednesday market in Etla, shopping for ingredients and sampling as we went. On the way in the van, Gabe had made friends with Cindy and Fred Beams, fellow classmates from Boston, sharing opinions about Caesar salad and bemoaning his brother’s preference for plain pizza instead of Hawaiian. Cindy told Gabe about a delicious sauce she’d just had on her omelet at her B & B. “It was the best sauce – to die for,” she said. “Then I found out the provenance. Roasted worms.”

The Oaxacan taste for insects, we’d learn – including the worm salt spied at the supermarket and the “basket of fried locusts” at a nearby restaurant – was a source of protein dating back to pre-Hispanic times.

When our cooking class was over I saw a flicker of regret in his face, as though he sensed the world’s infinite variety and possibilities in all the dishes he didn’t learn to cook. “Mom”, he said plaintively, surveying the sensual offerings of the table. “Can we make everything when we get home?”

1. Gabe’s mother thinks that he is

2. Gabe is supposed to represent the Emeril generation because he

A) is fond of criticizing others.

B) feels happy being alone.

C) is interested in cooking.

D) is good at making jokes.

3. The narrator wanted to take Gabe to Oaxaca because

A) he could speak Spanish.

B) there are a lot of entertainments for children there.

C) he knew a lot about local cultures.

D) he was the best to keep her company.

4. Gabe was struck when he

A) was told that local cooking techniques were a thousand years old.

B) saw the man next to him eat insects.

C) did not find any dish to satisfy his appetite.

D) understood that a hot dog was less gross than a local delicacy.

5. The Oaxacan people eat insects because this kind of food

A) tastes pleasant.

B) is easy to cook.

C) contains an essential nutritional element.

D) helps to cure many diseases.

6. At the end of the class Gabe felt regret because

A) there were a lot of dishes he could not make on his own.

B) the dishes he made were not tasty.

C) he did not want to go back home.

D) he had not managed to master all the dishes he liked.

7. In paragraph 3 “brimming with” means

B) being filled with.

C) astonishing with.

D) beckoning with.


А . Personal style in a uniform

B. Old but dear

C. Get a holiday spirit

D. Dance competition

E. A hobby that carries away

F. Meaning without words

G. The number is not guilty

H. Yes to school uniform

1. Dance is in my heart, in my blood and in my mind. I dance daily. The seldom-used dining room of my house is now an often-used ballroom. The CD-changer has five discs at the ready: waltz, rock-and-roll, swing, salsa, and tango. Tango is a complex and difficult dance. I take three dancing lessons a week, and I am off to Buenos Aires for three months to feel the culture of tango.

2. Clothes play an important role in my life. My passion for fashion began when I was in elementary school. I attended a private school with uniformed dress code. At first I felt bad that I could not wear what I wanted, but soon I learned to display my creativity and style through shoes and accessories. They can make each of us each of us unique, in a uniform or not.

3. I believe that music has a bigger place in our society than it is given credit for. The single word ‘music’ covers so many styles. Rock bands and classical musicians make listeners get the meaning from the music. Music tells stories about life and death, expresses feelings of love, sadness, anger, guilt, and pain without using words.

4. Even as an eighteen year old young adult, I still feel the magic of Christmas. I believe in a real Christmas tree. My family has had a real Christmas tree every year of my life. When you get home and smell the sweet pine needles, something magical goes into your soul, raises your spirits. Every year we buy a real tree to fully embrace the spirit of Christmas.

5. People often try to get rid of the number thirteen. Many hotels and office buildings across the world do not have a 13th floor! I believe that the number thirteen is not an unlucky number. I was born on January, 13 and do not consider myself unlucky in any way at all! I believe that this number should have all the rights and respect we give the rest of the numbers.

6. Many kids that go to public schools don’t wear a uniform. They like to show off the new expensive clothes and often have trouble picking out outfits for school in the morning. They are more worried about whether their shirt matches the belt, rather than if the homework is completed. I believe that this is a fault of our school system and only causes problems.

7. They say that the music of your youth is the soundtrack of your life. I am 50; I enjoy new artists and new music, but I still find words of wisdom in singles of sixties and seventies, still believe that "you can"t always get what you want, but sometimes, you get what you need," that "all you need is love." I like to listen to the songs I grew up with.

Начало формы

Конец формы

Searching for a New Programme

A healthy lifestyle can vastly improve your well-being. This is a lifestyle designed for those who wish to feel more certain about their health and more in control of what the present and future will bring them in that important 1 ______ of existence. None of us wants to be sick. None of us enjoys the idea that we may become a medical statistic. This is a simple, easy-to-follow health-style that can enable you to get cards very much in your 2 ______. The doctors were fortunate enough to come into 3 ______ with a field of study that brought them to healing and well-being that they so desperately needed. They personally have 4 ______ thousands of people improve their health using only a small part of information. Many more people begin to improve their health now. Embracing the most current information from many health-related fields, the programme of healthy lifestyle gives you an understanding of the impact of exercise, breathing, sunshine, sleep and much more on your health. In order for this programme to work for you, you have to be willing to apply at least some part of it. Some change will be 5 ______. And as you make those first modest changes, you will get positive results that encourage you to do more. Changing is fun. And if you realize that your new healthy lifestyle 6 ______ the making of new habits, not the 7 ______ of old ones, you will feel very positive about what the future holds for you.

1. А) sector Б) region В) area Г) territory

2. А) benefit Б) advantage В) privilege Г) favour

3. А) touch Б) contact В) view Г) connection

4. А) confessed Б) witnessed В) determined Г) recognized

5. А) ordered Б) commanded В) forced Г) required

6. А) contains Б) consists В) involves Г) encloses

7. А) breaking Б) damaging В) ruining Г) destroying

Начало формы

Daniel and Diana

Daniel and Diana were good friends. They had majored in economics at Bristol University in the early 1980s. Then Daniel met Rachel, who had arrived a year after them, and fell in love with her at first A22 ______. In Rachel he found everything he was looking A23 ______ in a wife. They married the day he graduated, and after they returned from their honeymoon, David took over the management of his father’s farm in Bedfordshire. Three children followed in quick succession, and Diana was proud when she was asked to be godmother to Sophie, the eldest. Daniel and Rachel had been married for twelve years; they A24 ______ ever quarelled. A25 ______ married couples were so happy.

A26 ______ Diane was regularly asked to spend the weekend with them in the country, she only accepted one invitation out of three. She would have liked to join them more often, but since her divorce she had no desire to take advantage of their hospitality.

Diane felt tired. She A27 ______ her work, but it had been an awful week. Two contracts had fallen through, her son had been dropped from the school soccer team, and her daughter had never stopped A28 ______ her that her father didn’t mind her watching television when she ought to be doing her homework. “I will survive.” Diana smiled and thought about Daniel’s birthday. She had forgotten to get him a present.

Конец формы

Начало формы

Конец формы

Начало формы

Конец формы

Начало формы

Конец формы

Начало формы

Конец формы

Начало формы

Конец формы

Начало формы

Начало формы

Конец формы

Начало формы

Начало формы

Конец формы

Начало формы

It had to be big – Louis’s court had 20,000 people, and Versailles __________________ the centre of court life.

Начало формы

Конец формы

Начало формы

Конец формы

Начало формы

Конец формы

Конец формы

Конец формы

Конец формы

Конец формы

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes:

Last week our family went to the famous Niagara Falls. It was my first visit there and it was fun! We enjoyed the weather and the splashes of falling water on our faces. It reminded us of our last rafting trip. Where can you see beautiful water sights in Russia, if at all? Have you ever gone rafting? What do you think about extreme sports in general?

By the way, we are going to Greece this summer…

Write a letter to Tom.

– answer his questions

– ask 3 questions about his trip to Greece

Comment on the following statement.

Every city and every town should have a zoo.

Близится горячая пора для выпускников — накануне ЕГЭ, в том числе и по английскому языку. Миллионы одиннадцатиклассников активно штудируют учебники, берут частные уроки у репетиторов, зубрят правила. Но в 21 веке Интернет стал отличным помощником для тех, кому важна подготовка к ЕГЭ по английскому языку. В данной статье мы приведем обзор лучших онлайн ресурсов для подготовки к этому экзамену, а также рассмотрим структуру итогового тестирования и дадим полезные советы, как сдать ЕГЭ на английском.

Структура ЕГЭ по английскому языку 2018

ЕГЭ (Единый Государственный Экзамен) — это выпускная экзаменационная работа в школе, без которой невозможно поступить в ВУЗ. При поступлении в высшее учебное заведение важны также баллы выпусного экзамена, поэтому школьники стараются сдать ЕГЭ на высшие баллы. ЕГЭ по английскому языку 2018 не является обязательным, но абитуриентам, которые намерены поступить в профильный ВУЗ, придется сдавать этот экзамен.

По уровню сложности и своей структуре ЕГЭ по английскому схож с международным тестированием FCE, для успешной сдачи которого необходимо владеть языком на уровне выше среднего (Upper-Intermediate).

Для русскоговорящих школьников это довольно высокая планка, поэтому начинать подготовку к предстоящему выпускному экзамену лучше заранее — с 9,10 класса. В этом случае за 2−3 года ученик, не спеша с начального уровня, сможет в полной мере получить знания и выработать навыки для успешной сдачи ЕГЭ по английскому.

Конечно, к этому экзамену можно подготовиться и быстрее, но для этого у школьника должен быть достаточно высокий уровень владения иностранным языком, хотя бы средний (Intermediate).

Чтобы подготовиться к успешной сдаче ЕГЭ, необходимо не только хорошо знать предмет, но и понимать, как устроена экзаменационная работа.

Из каких же элементов состоит ЕГЭ 2018 по английскому? Экзаменационный тест состоит из нескольких частей: письменной и устной. Первая часть является обязательной, а вторая — по желанию, сдаются они в разные дни.

Письменная часть, в свою очередь, состоит из пяти разделов:

  • аудирование;
  • чтение;
  • лексика и грамматика;
  • письмо.

За каждый раздел ученик может получить максимум 20 баллов. Выпускнику выделяется 180 минут на выполнение 40 заданий. Сдав на отлично первую часть экзамена, школьник может набрать 80 баллов из 100. Чтобы получить максимальное количество баллов придется прийти еще раз и сдать устную часть. Она содержит всего 4 задания, на которые отводится только 15 минут. За устную часть можно получить максимум 20 баллов.

Так, за ЕГЭ по английскому выпускник может набрать максимальное количество баллов — 100, что практически гарантирует ему поступление в профильный ВУЗ. Впрочем, чтобы сдать экзамен на 5, достаточно набрать и 84 балла. А чтобы тестирование было засчитано, его нужно сдать на 3, то есть минимум набрать 22 балла.

Как правило, результаты тестирования опубликовываются на официальном сайте ЕГЭ через две недели после сдачи устной части. Узнать свой результат можно на официальном ресурсе ege.edu.ru , заполнив соответствующие поля своими данными. Успешно сдав ЕГЭ выпускник получает электронный сертификат и вносится в специальный реестр. Бумажные сертификаты с 2014 года не выдаются.

Как сдать ЕГЭ по английскому 2018?

Чтобы понять, как устроен выпускной экзамен по английскому языку, мы подробно рассмотрим пример такого теста. А в конце каждого раздела приведем полезные советы от репетиторов, специализирующихся на подготовке учеников к сдаче ЕГЭ.

Принципы сдачи аудирования

Этот раздел состоит из трех частей, на его сдачу выделяется 30 минут. Это упражнения с 1 по 9 из общего списка в 40 заданий. Школьник услышит аудиозапись из трех фрагментов, которую включат экзаменаторы и не останавливают в течение 30 минут. Между фрагментами записи существуют паузы, чтобы ученик мог прочесть задание и перенести ответы в бланк. За каждый правильный ответ выпускник получит по 1 баллу.

  1. Дано 7 утверждений. Затем школьнику предстоит прослушать 6 высказываний и соотнести их с утверждениями, одно из которых лишнее. Можно получить 6 б.
  2. Дано 7 утверждений. Ученик прослушивает диалог и определяет, какие утверждения соотносятся с диалогом (True), какие не соответствуют действительности (False), а какие не упоминаются в нем (Not Stated). Максимально возможно получить 7 б.
  3. Дано 7 вопросов, к которым предложено по 3 варианта ответа. Школьнику нужно прослушать аудиозапись и подобрать правильный ответ. Упражнение на 7 б.

Итого за аудирование можно набрать максимум 20 баллов.

Советы репетитора:

  1. При подготовке к тестированию именно аудирование в данном формате позволяет привыкнуть к быстрому пониманию задания и поиску ключевых фраз в речи, которые укажут на правильный ответ.
  2. Выбирая ответ, опирайтесь на смысл слов диктора, поскольку в своей речи он может упоминать ключевые фразы ко всему заданию, но если понять смысл сказанного, то получится только один верный ответ.


Принципы сдачи чтения

Этот раздел также состоит из трех частей и 9 заданий и на их выполнение тоже отводится полчаса, то есть на каждую часть около 10 минут.

  1. Дано 7 небольших текстов и 8 заголовков. Ученик должен прочитать тексты и подобрать к ним соответствующие заголовки, оставив лишний заголовок. Набрать можно 7 б.
  2. Дан текст с 6 пропусками. Ниже дано 7 отрывков, 6 из которых выпускнику нужно вставить в текст вместо пропусков. За задание — 6 б.
  3. Дан короткий текст и 7 вопросов. К каждому вопросу по 4 варианта ответов, из которых нужно выбрать 1 верный. Возможно получить 7 б.

Итого за чтение можно набрать максимум 20 баллов.

Советы репетитора:

  1. Выполняя первое задание, необходимо искать ключевые фразы, которые помогут найти смысл всего текста и укажут на правильный заголовок. Как правило, главный смысл заключен в первом предложении, поэтому внимательно изучите начало абзаца, чтобы найти верный ответ.
  2. Для успешного выполнения второго задания, нужно хорошо понимать, как в английском языке строятся предложения. Пропуски часто встречаются в сложноподчиненных и сложносочиненных предложениях. Нужно запомнить, что в придаточном высказывании who используется в отношении людей, which — предметов, а where — мест. Также помните, что инфинитив служит для выражения цели.
  3. Вопросы в третьем задании расположены в соответствии с положением ответов в тексте, то есть в начале текста нужно искать ответ на первый вопрос, чуть дальше — на второй и т. д.

Принципы сдачи лексики и грамматики

Этот раздел призван проверить словарный запас школьников, а также, как выпускники усвоили грамматических конструкции в английском языке. Ученику предстоит выполнить три задания за 40 минут.

  1. Дан текст, в котором пропущено 7 слов. Справа от текста есть слова, которые нужно грамматически преобразовать (к примеру, поставить глагол в прошедшее время) и вставить на место пропуска. Задание на 7 б.
  2. Дан текст с 6 пропусками. Справа есть слова, которые необходимо преобразовать не только грамматически, но и лексически, то есть образовать однокоренное слово, которое подходит по смыслу текста и вставить на место пропуска. Можно набрать 6 б.
  3. Дан текст с 7 пропусками и 7 блоков слов с вариантами ответов. К каждому пропуску школьник должен подобрать 1 правильный вариант из 4 предложенных. Возможно получить 7 б.

Итого за лексику и грамматику можно набрать максимум 20 баллов.

Советы репетитора:

  1. Если в первом задании вам дан глагол, то его необходимо поставить в правильное время или употребить в правильной форме залога (активной или пассивной), либо образовать от него причастие. Прилагательное, часто, нужно поставить в превосходную или сравнительную степени, а числительное преобразовать, как правило, в порядковое.
  2. Во втором задании, чаще всего, надо преобразовывать однокоренные слова, добавляя к ним приставки и суффиксы, в том числе отрицательные.
  3. В третьем задании, обычно, нужно проявить знания сочетаемости слов — collocations. Выбирать придется из 4 похожих по смыслу слов, чтобы выбрать правильный ответ, необходимо внимательно вчитываться в текст.

Принципы сдачи письма

В этом разделе всего два задания (написать письмо и эссе), на выполнение которых школьнику отводится 80 минут.

  1. Дан текст небольшого письма от друга, в котором задаются вопросы. Выпускник должен прочитать послание и написать письмо другу в ответ, отвечая на вопросы и задавая их. Объем: 100−140 слов. Можно получить 6 б.
  2. Дано спорное утверждение. Школьнику нужно написать эссе-рассуждение по теме, высказать свое мнение, и привести противоположную точку зрения, а также объяснить свое несогласие с ней. Объем: 200−250 слов. За это задание — 14 б.

Итого за письменную работу можно набрать максимум 20 баллов.

Как правильно писать письмо другу на английском:

  1. Письмо близкому человеку пишется в неформальном стиле.
  2. Оформление «шапки». В правом верхнем углу нужно написать адрес: сначала город, потом — страну проживания. А вот название улицы и номер дома лучше не указывать, так как даже если адрес не существующий, его могут трактовать, как разглашение секретной информации.
  3. В том же углу, ниже адреса, пропустив одну строчку, надо написать дату.
  4. Потом слева пишется неофициальное обращение к адресату: Dear Nil/Joe (имя будет указано в задании). Имейте в виду, что в этом случае писать Hello недопустимо. После обращения не забудьте поставить запятую. Продолжение письма — с новой строки.
  5. Каждый абзац, по правилам, начинается с красной строчки. Начать письмо стоит с выражения благодарности другу за полученное послание (Thanks a lot for your last letter). Не лишним будет извиниться за долгий ответ (Sorry I haven’t been in touch for so long). Хорошим ходом будет, если вы упомянете какую-то информацию из полученного послания.
  6. Затем пишется основная часть (второй и третий абзацы). Во второй части нужно ответить на вопросы, полученные в письме, а в третьей части необходимо задать вопросы другу.
  7. Четвертый абзац — итоговый, в нем необходимо уведомить адресата об окончании послания (I"ve got to go now!). Хорошим тоном будет, если вы предложите поддерживать связь (Take care and keep in touch!).
  8. В завершении надо написать стандартное клише — Best wishes, All the best (обязательно ставится запятая) или др. Под этой фразой на следующей строке нужно написать свое имя.

Как правильно написать эссе на ЕГЭ по английскому языку:

Эссе тоже пишется в нейтральном стиле и содержит пять абзацев:

  1. Вступление: формулируется тема-проблема и сразу указывается существование двух противоположных точек зрения.
  2. Собственное мнение: выражается своя точка зрения по данной проблеме и приводится 2−3 аргумента в ее защиту.
  3. Противоположные мнения: рассказывается о противоположных точках зрения, и приводятся аргументы, которые их подтверждают.
  4. Выражение несогласия: нужно разъяснить причину несогласия с противоположными мнениями, и защитить свою точку зрения, не используя аргументы из второго пункта.
  5. Заключение: пишется вывод по поставленному вопросу.

Советы репетитора:

  1. Настоятельно рекомендуется не выходить за рамки требуемого объема. Допустимо лишь на 10% погрешности, то есть для письма допустимо написать от 90 до 154 слов, а в эссе— от 180 до 275 лексем. Если ученик напишет хоть на одно слово меньше, то он не получит за задание ни одного балла. Если же объем будет превышен, то проверяющий отсчитает указанный лимит от всего текста и будет оценивать только его, при этом экзаменатор снимает баллы за то, что работа не завершена, а тема не раскрыта или не написаны выводы.
  2. Не стоит писать абзацы, содержащие только одно предложение. Каждую мысль необходимо раскрыть и аргументировать. Можно воспользоваться такими речевыми конструкциями, как I believe, In my opinion и др.
  3. Следите за стилем написания: в письме ни в коем случае не используйте разговорные выражения вроде Wish me luck! или Guess what?, а в эссе лучше не писать неформальные well, cause и сленговые выражения.
  4. При этом рекомендуется употребление в письменных работах слов-связок, поскольку они придают тексту логичности, позволяют противопоставлять или две части предложения или дополнять одну из них.

Принципы сдачи устной речи

Это самая короткая часть экзамена, которая сдается в другой день, и длится всего лишь 15 минут, за которые ученик должен успеть выполнить четыре задания.

Особенностью данной части тестирования является то, что выпускник выполняет задания перед компьютером, на экране которого включен таймер, а все ответы записываются через микрофон. При этом экзаменатор в аудитории следит за ходом тестирования.

  1. На мониторе появляется научно-популярный текст. За 90 секунд нужно быстро прочесть его про себя, а в следующие 90 секунд надо прочитать его вслух с выражением. Время выполнения — 3 минуты. За задание — 1 б.
  2. На экране высвечивается объявление рекламного характера. На основе ключевых слов нужно составить пять прямых вопросов к этому тексту. Для подготовки отводится 90 секунд, после чего в течение 20 секунд необходимо успеть сформулировать каждый из вопросов. Время выполнения — 3 минуты. За правильное выполнение — 5 б.
  3. Предложено три фотографии, из которых нужно выбрать одну, и описать ее в соответствии с предложенным планом. Время выполнения — 3,5 минуты. Можно получить — 7 б.
  4. Демонстрируется две картинки, которые необходимо сравнить, описав различия и сходства, объяснить выбор. Время выполнения — 3,5 минуты. Возможно набрать — 7 б.

Максимум за устную часть можно получить 20 баллов.

Советы репетитора:

  1. Чтобы подготовится к сдаче первого задания, стоит работать над текстами разной тематики, читая их с выражением: необходимо соблюдать все паузы, естественную интонацию, логические ударению. Также важно укладываться в отведенное время, но и сильно торопиться не стоит.
  2. Для успешного выполнения второй части устного экзамена, надо отрабатывать умение задавать вопросы к разнообразным текстам. Не забывайте при составлении вопросов употреблять вспомогательные глаголы и ставить их в правильную форму, согласовывая с существительным.
  3. В 2018 году на ЕГЭ в третьем задание будет предложено описать другу фотографию. Поэтому при составлении текста, нужно использовать обращение. В начале описания нужно указать, какую фотография вы выбрали (I"ve chosen photo number…). Также важно ответить на ВСЕ вопросы, заданные в задании, указать, где и когда. Не стоить забывать о вступительной фразе (I"d like to show you a picture from my photo album./Would you like to have a look at my picture?) и заключительном клише (I hope you liked my picture./That"s all for now.).
  4. Выполняя четвертое задания, упор стоит делать на сравнении изображений, а не на их описательных характеристиках. При сравнении картинок надо употреблять такие распространенные клише, как In comparison to the first picture, this one… The first picture depicts… whereas/while the second picture depicts…, The main difference is that… и др.

Так будет выглядеть ЕГЭ по английскому языку в 2018 году — испытание непростое, но его можно успешно пройти, если заблаговременно подготовиться к нему, в том числе, используя Интернет ресурсы.


Универсальные сайты для подготовки к ЕГЭ

Перед тем, как начать использование разнообразных онлайн ресурсов для подготовки к ЕГЭ, желательно пройти демо-версию экзамена, которую можно скачать на официальном сайте Федерального института педагогических измерений.

Ресурсы для подготовки к ЕГЭ по всем школьным предметам:

  1. Examer — тренажер для самостоятельной подготовки к ЕГЭ по истории, английскому и русскому языку, химии, математике, физике и другим школьным предметам. Программа имитирует задания, которые могут встретиться на экзамене по выбранному предмету. После выполнения всех заданий, Экзамер подводит итоги и подсказывает, какие ошибки были допущены. Кроме того, программа содержит такие разделы, как Теория, Варианты + проверка экспертами, онлайн игра Арена ЕГЭ. Первая часть бесплатная, затем нужно платить.
  2. Для многих выпускников хорошим помощником стала группа «ЕГЭ 100 баллов» в социальной сети VK.com. По веб-адресу

Экзамен ЕГЭ проверяет:

  • грамматические навыки базового уровня;
  • навыки словообразования;
  • лексический запас.

Как подготовиться к лексико-грамматической части ЕГЭ?

  • решить как можно больше упражнений по грамматике ;
  • вспомнить или освоить навык словообразования;
  • пройти тестовые варианты ЕГЭ и понять, где именно встречаются ошибки, над которыми нужно работать.

Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

Для того чтобы понять, в какой форме необходимо использовать глагол be , нужно посмотреть на предложение с пропуском. Так, это предложение написано в прошедшем времени (phoned ). Соответственно, нам нужно поставить глагол be в Past Simple в отрицании. Для местоимения she эта форма - wasn’ t .

Глагол build строить ») - неправильный. Его вторая и третья формы - built, built. В данном предложении важно понять, стена ли кого-то строила или ее строили. Логично, что строили стену. Это значит, что здесь необходимо употребить пассивный залог во времени Past Simple . Таким образом, правильным ответом будет was built , так как пассивный залог (Passive Voice ) - это глагол be в нужной форме (в зависимости от времени) и третья форма смыслового глагола (Participle II/ V 3 ).

Глагол become становиться ») - неправильный. Его вторая и третья формы - became, become. Для того чтобы понять, какую форму этого глагола необходимо использовать в данном предложении, нужно выяснить, нет ли в предложении «сигнальных» слов. Такое слово есть - since , и оно указывает на Present Perfect . Правильным ответом будет форма has become .

Слово nature природа ») является существительным . После пропуска также стоит существительное - beauty красота »), то есть на месте пропуска должно стоять некое определение. Роль определения в предложении обычно играет прилагательное, и от слова nature прилагательным будет natural .

Most of the land in National Parks is privately owned, but administered by an independent National Park Authority which works to balance the expectations of __________ with the need to conserve these open spaces for future generations.

visit

Слово visit посещать ») - это глагол . Посмотрев на слова перед пропуском - the expectations of ожидания кого-то/чего-то ») - можно понять, что нам необходимо существительное - «ожидания посетителей » (visitors ). На то, что существительное должно стоять во множественном числе , указывает отсутствие неопределенного артикля перед пропуском.

В данном предложении пропущено подлежащее, то есть из существительного science наука ») необходимо образовать другое существительное, способное исполнить роль этого подлежащего. Более того, новое существительное должно стоять во множественном числе , так как в сказуемое входит глагол be в форме множественного числа - are . Новым существительным будет слово scientists - «ученые ».

  • строго следуйте инструкции и внимательно читайте задание ;
  • прежде чем заполнить пропуск, внимательно прочитайте предложение и найдите «сигнальные» слова , которые подскажут вам, в какое время необходимо поставить глагол или какая часть речи требуется;
  • не оставляйте пропуски незаполненными , даже если вы не знаете правильный ответ;
  • пишите четко и аккуратно .

Список литературы

  1. Афанасьева О.В., Дули Д., Михеева И.В. Английский язык (базовый уровень). - Просвещение, 2012.
  2. Биболетова М.З., Бабушис Е.Е., Снежко Н.Д. Английский язык (базовый уровень). - Титул, 2009.
  3. Кауфман К.И., Кауфман М.Ю. Английский язык (базовый уровень). - Титул, 2010.
  4. Музланова Е.С. 120 учебно-тренировочных заданий для подготовки к ЕГЭ. - АСТ, 2010.
  1. Correctenglish.ru ().
  2. Interactive-english.ru ().
  3. Begin-english.ru ().

Домашнее задание

  1. Test 1 Елена Музланова, Елена Кисунько Английский язык: Экспресс-репетитор для подготовки к ЕГЭ: «Грамматика и лексика». - Астрель, 2010. - С. 6.
  2. Test 6 Елена Музланова, Елена Кисунько Английский язык: Экспресс-репетитор для подготовки к ЕГЭ: «Грамматика и лексика». - Астрель, 2010. - С. 9.
  3. Test 3 Елена Музланова, Елена Кисунько Английский язык: Экспресс-репетитор для подготовки к ЕГЭ: «Грамматика и лексика». - Астрель, 2010. - С. 28.